Carbureter.



s. GE'RYVAIS.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION HLED MAY 10, I95.

1,295,090. 7 Patented Feb. 18, 1919.

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S. GERVMS.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION men MAY 10, 1915.

1,295,090. Patented Feb. 18, 1919.

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W4? MZLMZZZZ STANISLAS GER-VAIS, 0F BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALF TO HAWTHORNE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, INC., OF BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTI- CUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 18, 1919.

Application filed May 10, 1915. Serial No. 26,947.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, STANIsLAs GERvAIs, a subject of the King of England, and a resident of Bridgeport, Fairfield county, Connecticut, have invented an Improvement in Carbureters, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification,.like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to carbureters and among other objects aims to provide a device of simple, cheap and efficient construction.

The character of the invention may be best understood by reference to the following description of an illustrative embodiment thereof shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 isa plan of the illustrative carbureter shown herein as embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on broken line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken on broken line 44 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a section taken on the broken line 55 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a plan of a valve supporting member shown in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a plan of the carbureter with its cover removed; part being in section on the line 77 of Fig. 10;

Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 7 showing parts in a different position, part being in section on the line 88 of Fig. 11;

Fig. 9 is another view similar to Fig. 7 showing the parts in a still different position, part being in section on the line 9-9 of Fig. 12;

Fig. 10 is a side elevation of an apertured sleeve device for regulating the inlet of air to the carbureter;

Fig. 11 is a view similar to Fig. 9, showing parts in a different position, and

Fig. 12 isanother view similar to Fig. 9 showing the parts in a still different position.

Referring to the drawings, the illustrative carbureter shown therein as embodying the invention comprises a casing 1, preferably of sheet metal, and pressed into the form of a bowl. It is provided with a top 5, also of sheet metal, having a depending flange 7 embracing the rim of the bowl and an upwardly projecting neck 9 to be referred to.

To introduce gasolene-0r other fuel into the casing a pipe 11 is provided connected by a coupling nut 13 to a plug 15 entered through an aperture in the side of the casing and secured thereto by an offset marginal portion 17 gripped between a shoulder of said plug and an end of said nut. The plug has a duct 19 communicating with said pipe and with a valve seat 21. Cooperating with this seat is a valve 23 having a conical portion terminating in an upwardly projecting stem adapted to enter and partially close the duct. The lower end of the valve is provided with a button 27, the shank of which is entered loosely through an aperture in a saddle 29 (Figs. 5 and 6). There should be sufficient play between the button and its saddle to permit the valve to center and accurately seat itself without restriction. The saddle preferably is died out of sheet material to present ears 31 embracing offset ends of a substantially circular rod 33 (Fig. 3). These offset ends have their terminals bent in toward one another and are pivoted in bores in the lower side of the gasolene supply plug 15 referred to.

To automatically lift and lower the valve 23 to vary the amount of gasolene delivered into the casing, there is provided a float 35, preferably formed of sheet metal, pressed to present an annular cup 37 and a cap 39. The ring 33 rests on the top of this float and as the latter rises and falls with the rise and fall of the level of the gasolene in the easing, will move the valve toward and from its seat.

To limit the opening movement of said valve manually controlled means may be provided. To this end the saddle is provided with cars 41 bent upward from the plane of the body thereof and apertured to receive the hooked ends of a bail 4L3 twisted to present an eye 45 through which is inserted a wedge-shaped arm 47. The eye 45 projects upward through an aperture in the casing top 5 and into a guide tube 49 having diametrically o osed slots to receive the wedge arm. This arm may be adjusted simultaneously with means for varying the supply of air to the carburetor as more fully hereinafter described.

T 0 provide a chamber for mixing air with the asolene a cylinder 51 is provided, preferab y of sheet metal, formed with an upwardly flaring portion terminating in a flange 53 to the under face of the casing top 5. This cylinder depends downward from said top a substantial distance toward the bottom of the casing and is provided with an end formed to present an annular groove 55 surrounding a central shallow cup 57 having an aperture 59 therein affording communication from the casing to the mixing or car bureting chamber for admitting gasolene from the former to the latter. To control the effective opening of this aperture a needle valve 61 is provided having a shank 63 threaded into a sleeve 65 entered through an aperture in the top of a dome 67 of a tube 69 embracing the top neck 9 referred to and secured thereto by a band 71 and its screw 73. To secure the sleeve 65 to the tube 67 the marginal portion surrounding the aperture in the latter is gripped between a flange 75 on said sleeve and a nut 77 held in place by a lock nut 79.

Next will be described the means for admitting air to the casing. To accomplish this the latter is provided with a cover 81 preferably of sheet metal having a central aperture fitted over the top neck 9 and a depending rim 83 embracing the cover flange 7. Downward movement of the cover on the flange may be limited by a circumferential bead 85 on the cover. Air is admitted into the chamber formed between the cover and casing top through an elbow tube 87 communicating with said chamber through an aperture 89 in the top of the cover.

To conduct the air from said chamber to the lower end of, the cylinder 51 referred to a tube 91 is fitted tightly into the top neck 9 and depends therefrom downward almost to the lower end of said cylinder, thereby providing an annular chamber and a central chamber. The air may sweep down through the annular chamber and be diverted by the walls of the annular groove 55 of the cylinder 51 upward into the central chamber and in so doing will sweep the gasolene out of said annular groove as more ing the collar about the neck 9, the elongated holes in the flange may be adjusted relatively to the circular holes in the top thereby varying the effective openingsof the latter. In Figs. 7 the collar is adjusted almost to close the circular openings. In Fig. 8 the collars is adjusted fully to open said circular holes. In Fig. 9 the collar is further adjusted so that the circular holes remain open thereby permitting a slight movement of the collar toeffect an adjustment to be described.

To admit air directly from the air admission chamber into the central chamber within the tube 91, one or more series of holes may be provided in the sleeve 96 of collar 93. Herein two series of holes are provided comprising an upper row of holes 99, and a lower row of holes 101. These holes communicate with corresponding holes in the neck9 and tube 91. The number and disposition of the holes in the. upper row may be different from the number and disposition of the holes in the lower row, so that when the collar is rotatively adjusted one row may be closed and the other row may be opened. When the flange 95 is in the position shown in Fig. 7, the sleeve 96 is in the position shown in Fig. 10, thereby causing the top plate holes 97 to be nearly closed, the upper row of. holes 99 to be open and the lower row of holes 101 to be closed. When the flange 95 is in the position shown in Fig. 8, the sleeve 96 is in the position shown in Fig. 11, thereby causing the top plate-holes to be wide open, the upper row of holes 99 to be closed and the lower row of holes 101 to be open. When the flange 95 is in the position shown in Fig. 9, the collar is'in thepositionshown in Fig. 12, thereby causing the top plate holes to continue to be wide open, and both rows of holes 99 and 101 to be closed.

The higher the speed of the engine the stronger will be the suction of the air into the intake tube. By admitting'air directly from the air admission chamber into said tube, the effective suction effect may be re duced and by adjusting the collar the suction effect may be varied.

The holes in the collar may be variously disposed. The staggered shown enables substantially the same amount of air to be admitted directly from the air admission chamber into the intake tube for the collar adjustments shown in Figs. 7 and 8. lVhe-n, however, the collar and gasolene valve are adjusted to admit the maximum amount of gasolene, both rows of the collar holes may be closed. This will increase the suction effect through the intake tube and contribute to the maintaining of the proper proportions of air-and gasolene to provide the proper mixture during high speed of the engine. I

arrangement To adjust the collar 93 the flange 95 may be provided with an arm 103 (Fig. 7 projecting through an elongated aperture in the cover flange 83. The arm 103 may be connected to appropriate devices to bring the control thereof within convenient reach of the operator of the engine.

To permit the simultaneous adjustment of the gasolene valve limiting device and the collar 93, the flange 95 of the latter may be provided with an upstanding lug 106, which may be riveted to the wedge arm 47 referred to. By this arrangement when the collar is in the position shown in Fig. 7 the wedge arm will be thrust inward to its limit, thereby providing a minimum limit of movement of the valve 23 away from its seat. When the arm 47 is in the position shown in Fig. 9, the valve may move to a limit farther from its valve seat. When the arm 17 is in the position shown in Fig. 8, the valve may move to its maximum limit of movement away from its seat. Thus the quantity of gasolene admitted may be progressively increased. The feeding of fuel to the motor is controlled by means of the valve 27. The valve 61 is a set-valve which may be initially adjusted in accordance with the capacity of the motor with which the carbureter is used.

To limit the extreme opening and closing movements of the collar it may be provided with elongated openings in which enter pins 107 projecting upward from the top plate 5 and adapted to engage the ends of said slots as shown in Figs. 7 and 8.

To regulate the passage of the combustible mixture to the engine, the tube '69 may be provided with a throttle valve 109 (Fig. 4.) on a shaft 111 provided at its upper end with a handle 113. To limit the adjustment of the valve, the handle may be provided with a heel 115 in which is tapped a screw 117 held by a lock nut 119 in diiferent positions of adjustment. The end of this screw may engage a flange 121 on the tube 69 which may serve as a stop therefor.

It will be observed nearly all of the parts of the carbureter may be died out of sheet metal and pressed into the required forms, and the parts may be quickly and easily assembled.

In operation the suction created by the engine piston draws air through the pipe 87 into the chamber in the cover 81, thence through the apertures in the flange 95 down into the annular chamber surrounding the intake tube 91. The air sweeps down around and up along the curved walls of the annular groove 55 and draws gasolene from the casing through the port 59 in the form of spray which combines with the air to form the combustible mixture. The mixture drawn up through the intake tube 91 may receive an additional amount of air through the holes in the collar 93 and passes thence past the throttle valve 109 to the engine.

It will be noted the outer end of the valve supporting ring 33 rests upon the float 35 and the valve is mounted on the ring closely adjacent to the pivot of the ring. Consequently the float may act with desirable mechanical advantage to move the valve toward and from its seat and thereby cause said valve to be quickly and delicately responsive to changes in level of the gaso lens in the casing. The float encircles the carbureting chamber cylinder 51 and may be guided thereby in its rising and falling movements; Thus it will be prevented from wiping along and being restricted by the wall of the casing. The needle valve 61 may be adjusted and set in diflerent positions of adjustment to vary the effective opening through the port 59, according to conditions as desired.

There are important advantages in the construction of the lower end of the carbureting chamber as described. In starting the engine it is desired to have a rich explosive mixture. The annular groove 55 forms a pocket which contains a charge of gasolene which will be in readiness on the first suction stroke of the engine to be drawn or swept by the. incoming air into the engine thereby providing a rich explosive mixture for starting the engine. After the engine has commenced running it will not be necessary to have such a rich mixture and this condition will automatically be taken care of since there will not be time for the gasolene to accumulate in the annular groove while running.

Air may be drawn to the carbureter through the pipe 87 which may, if desired, be placed close to the engine or other suitable heating means. The pipe 87 provides the only entrance to the chamber beneath the cover 81, from which chamber the air is drawn to the carbureting chamber. Thus suitably heated or otherwise modified air may be used instead of any air in the vicinity of the body of the carbureter.

The provision of the chamber also prevents the ingress of variable drafts of air into the carbureting chamber and serves to inclose and protect the air regulating collar and gasolene regulating wedge arm device and prevents the admission of dust and dirt therethrough into the carbureter.

Having described one embodiment of the invention without limiting the same thereto, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a carbureter a cup-like body formed from a metal stamping, a sheet metal lid 5 therefor, a smaller cup-like member 51 IOU depending from said lid and having provision providing communication with said body, a pipe passing through said lid and into said second member, a disk 95 surrounding said pipe and resting on said lid, said disk and lid having holes therethrough adapted to be brought into register and a lid-like member 81 fitting over said body and defining a chamber above the lid 5 surrounding a portion of said pipe.

2. A carburetor comprising a bowlshaped body, a cover fitting the same, a depending cup secured to the under side of the cover and having an oil admission port, said cover having a flanged aperture Within the margin of the cup, a tube fitting the flange and providing conjointly therewith a fuel conduit extending into the cup to define therein communicating annular and central passages and openings in said cover to admit air to said annular passage.

3. A carbureter comprising a boWlshaped body, a cover fitting the same, a

depending cup secured to the under side of the cover and having an oil admission 'thefiange and providing conjointlytherewith a fuel conduit extending into the cup to define therein communicating annular and central passages, there being openings in said cover to admit air to said annular passage, a second cover having a marginal portion fitting over the body and defining an air chamber between the same and the first cover .and an air-admission pipe openingtothe chamber.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of the subscribing Witnesses.

a STANISLAS GERVAIS.

Witnesses:

' A. D. SULLIVAN,

E. HORACE HAWTHORNE, ANNA A. KAURosKY.

Copies of this patent maybe obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,295,090, granted February 18,

1919, upon the application of Stanislas Gervais, of Bridgeport, Connecticut, for an improvement in Carbureters, errors appear in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 2, line 7, after the reference-numeral 5 3 insert the Word secured; same page, line 70, for the abbreviation Figs. read 1 119., and line 72, for the Word collars read collar; and that the said Letters Patent should be read With these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 25th day of March, A. D., 1919.

[SEAL] R. F. WHITEHEAD,

Acting Commissioner of Patents. Cl. 261-64. 

